Manage python install with uv

[jdries]

We currently use the python versions packaged by the base os (almalinux).

While this makes it easy to install, it comes with an important consequence for updates: not every python version is available, and we often require a major OS upgrade just to switch python.
Such a major OS upgrade then triggers the need to rebuild other RPMs. (GDAL, Orfeo,...)

If I'm correct, uv allows us to easily install any Python version easily.

This would then enable python updates in small steps, e.g. from 3.8 to 3.9.
This is relevant when our dependencies drop support for our current python version, while others are incompatible with the latest and greatest python.

So in current scenario:
3.8 is EOL
3.12 is latest but that triggers large updates of other packages
=> a small update from 3.8 to 3.9 or 3.10 might be possible, with more minimal ripple through down our dependency chain.

[jdries]

@soxofaan and @JeroenVerstraelen please take note of this 'idea issue', it's not necessarily relevant for our current migration epic, more for when we prepare our next base image.

[soxofaan]

I totally support avoiding classic OS packaging tools for python packages and python itself.
Using tools like uv or pyenv or asdf (more general tool that also covers, java, scala, ...) decouples us from more rigid OS packages and gives us the freedom to make smaller, more manageable upgrade steps