All operating systems provide a mechanism to store and read Extended file attributes, provide an API to read/write/delete file attributes.
The attributes can store metadata such as the unique file ID (which is retained even if the file is moved), file version, mime type, checksum, contents encoding, etc.
The API could be part of the FileSystemFileHandle interface:
FileSystemFileHandle.prototype.readAttributes()
FileSystemFileHandle.prototype.readAttribute(name)
FileSystemFileHandle.prototype.writeAttribute(name, value)
FileSystemFileHandle.prototype.deleteAttribute(name)