Add 16a4w_block QAT config (#15878)

Summary:

Introduce a FakeQuantizer subclass. It falls back to LPBQ observer's `convert`. `_derived_bias_quant_spec` also looks for it to correctly derive bias scale.

Reviewed By: viveknayakatmeta

Differential Revision: D87194388

Author: sxu

backends/qualcomm/quantizer/observers/per_block_param_observer.py

@@ -7,12 +7,13 @@
 from typing import Tuple
 
 import torch
-from torchao.quantization.pt2e import MappingType, PerBlock
+from torchao.quantization.pt2e import FakeQuantize, MappingType, PerBlock
 from torchao.quantization.pt2e._affine_quantization import (
     _get_reduction_params,
     AffineQuantizedMinMaxObserver,
     choose_qparams_affine_with_min_max,
 )
+from torchao.quantization.quant_primitives import _fake_quantize_affine
 
 
 class PerBlockParamObserver(AffineQuantizedMinMaxObserver):
@@ -89,3 +90,56 @@ def calculate_qparams(self) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
             self.preserve_zero,
             self.zero_point_domain,
         )
+
+
+class PerBlockParamFakeQuantize(FakeQuantize):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        dtype: torch.dtype = torch.int8,
+        block_size: torch.Size = None,
+        quant_min: int = None,
+        quant_max: int = None,
+        eps: float = torch.finfo(torch.float32).eps,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        assert (
+            block_size is not None
+        ), "block_size must be provided for per-block quantization"
+
+        self.activation_post_process = PerBlockParamObserver(
+            dtype=dtype,
+            block_size=block_size,
+            quant_min=quant_min,
+            quant_max=quant_max,
+            eps=eps,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+        self.dtype = dtype
+        self.block_size = block_size
+        self.quant_min = quant_min if quant_min is not None else torch.iinfo(dtype).min
+        self.quant_max = quant_max if quant_max is not None else torch.iinfo(dtype).max
+        self.eps = eps
+
+    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
+        if x.numel() == 0:
+            return x
+
+        self.activation_post_process(x)
+        scale, zero_point = self.activation_post_process.calculate_qparams()
+
+        return _fake_quantize_affine(
+            x,
+            self.block_size,
+            scale,
+            zero_point,
+            quant_dtype=self.dtype,
+            quant_min=self.quant_min,
+            quant_max=self.quant_max,
+        )
+
+    def calculate_qparams(self) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
+        return self.activation_post_process.calculate_qparams()
+
+    def convert(self, model, observer_node):
+        self.activation_post_process.convert(model, observer_node)

backends/qualcomm/quantizer/qconfig.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 import torch
 
 from executorch.backends.qualcomm.quantizer.observers.per_block_param_observer import (
+    PerBlockParamFakeQuantize,
     PerBlockParamObserver,
 )
 from torch import Tensor
@@ -71,11 +72,18 @@ def _derive_bias_qparams_fn(
         derived_zero = torch.zeros(derived_scale.size(), device=weight_zp.device).to(
             torch.int32
         )
-        if isinstance(weight_obs_or_fq, PerBlockParamObserver):
+
+        # Handle per-block quantization for both observer and fake quantize
+        weight_observer = weight_obs_or_fq
+        if isinstance(weight_obs_or_fq, PerBlockParamFakeQuantize):
+            # Extract the underlying observer from the fake quantize wrapper
+            weight_observer = weight_obs_or_fq.activation_post_process
+
+        if isinstance(weight_observer, PerBlockParamObserver):
             # keep maximum scale of each channel for bias
             derived_scale = (
                 derived_scale.view(derived_scale.size(0), -1).amax(dim=-1)
-                / weight_obs_or_fq.num_steps
+                / weight_observer.num_steps
             )
             derived_zero = derived_zero.view(derived_zero.size(0), -1).amax(dim=-1)
         return (derived_scale, derived_zero)
@@ -468,6 +476,92 @@ def get_ptq_per_block_quant_config(
     )
 
 
+def get_qat_per_block_quant_config(
+    act_dtype=torch.uint8,
+    weight_dtype=torch.int8,
+    act_observer=MovingAverageMinMaxObserver,
+    act_symmetric: bool = False,
+    ch_axis: int = 0,
+) -> QuantizationConfig:
+    supported_act_types = {
+        torch.uint8,
+        torch.uint16,
+        torch.int8,
+        torch.int16,
+    }
+    supported_weight_dtypes = {torch.int4, torch.int8}
+    assert (
+        act_dtype in supported_act_types
+    ), f"act_dtype, {act_dtype} is not one of supported types, {supported_act_types}"
+
+    assert (
+        weight_dtype in supported_weight_dtypes
+    ), f"weight_dtype, {weight_dtype} is not one of supported types, {supported_weight_dtypes}"
+
+    # torch does not support uint16 quantization, use int32 to bypass
+    if act_symmetric:
+        # If zero_point is 128, htp can do optimizations.
+        # If we keep quant_min and quant_max none, observer will default use 128 as zero_point.
+        # If we provide uint8 quant_min/max, it will use 127 as zero_point, which is undesired.
+        act_fake_quant_ctr = FusedMovingAvgObsFakeQuantize.with_args(
+            dtype=torch.int32 if act_dtype == torch.uint16 else act_dtype,
+            qscheme=torch.per_tensor_symmetric,
+            observer=act_observer,
+        )
+        act_quantization_spec = QuantizationSpec(
+            dtype=torch.int32 if act_dtype == torch.uint16 else act_dtype,
+            qscheme=torch.per_tensor_symmetric,
+            ch_axis=0,
+            observer_or_fake_quant_ctr=act_fake_quant_ctr,
+        )
+    else:
+        act_fake_quant_ctr = FusedMovingAvgObsFakeQuantize.with_args(
+            dtype=torch.int32 if act_dtype == torch.uint16 else act_dtype,
+            quant_min=torch.iinfo(act_dtype).min,
+            quant_max=torch.iinfo(act_dtype).max,
+            qscheme=torch.per_tensor_affine,
+            observer=act_observer,
+        )
+        act_quantization_spec = QuantizationSpec(
+            dtype=torch.int32 if act_dtype == torch.uint16 else act_dtype,
+            quant_min=torch.iinfo(act_dtype).min,
+            quant_max=torch.iinfo(act_dtype).max,
+            qscheme=torch.per_tensor_affine,
+            observer_or_fake_quant_ctr=act_fake_quant_ctr,
+        )
+
+    weight_fake_quant_ctr = PerBlockParamFakeQuantize.with_args(
+        dtype=torch.int8 if weight_dtype == torch.int4 else weight_dtype,
+        quant_min=(
+            -7 if weight_dtype == torch.int4 else torch.iinfo(weight_dtype).min + 1
+        ),
+        quant_max=7 if weight_dtype == torch.int4 else torch.iinfo(weight_dtype).max,
+        qscheme=torch.per_channel_symmetric,
+        ch_axis=ch_axis,
+    )
+    weight_quantization_spec = QuantizationSpec(
+        dtype=torch.int8 if weight_dtype == torch.int4 else weight_dtype,
+        quant_min=(
+            -7 if weight_dtype == torch.int4 else torch.iinfo(weight_dtype).min + 1
+        ),
+        quant_max=7 if weight_dtype == torch.int4 else torch.iinfo(weight_dtype).max,
+        qscheme=torch.per_channel_symmetric,
+        ch_axis=ch_axis,
+        observer_or_fake_quant_ctr=weight_fake_quant_ctr,
+    )
+
+    bias_quantization_spec = _derived_bias_quant_spec
+
+    quantization_config = QuantizationConfig(
+        input_activation=act_quantization_spec,
+        output_activation=act_quantization_spec,
+        weight=weight_quantization_spec,
+        bias=bias_quantization_spec,
+    )
+
+    return quantization_config
+
+
 # TODO merge qat and ptq to a function, and use a bool flag to control it
 def get_8a8w_qnn_qat_config(
     act_symmetric: bool = False, act_observer=MovingAverageMinMaxObserver

backends/qualcomm/quantizer/quantizer.py

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
     get_8a8w_qnn_qat_config,
     get_ptq_per_block_quant_config,
     get_ptq_per_channel_quant_config,
+    get_qat_per_block_quant_config,
     get_qat_per_channel_quant_config,
     QuantizationConfig,
 )
@@ -131,6 +132,19 @@ class QuantDtype(IntEnum):
         ),
         None,
     ),
+    (QuantDtype.use_16a4w_block, True): (
+        get_16a4w_qnn_qat_config,
+        partial(
+            get_qat_per_channel_quant_config,
+            act_dtype=torch.uint16,
+            weight_dtype=torch.int4,
+        ),
+        partial(
+            get_qat_per_block_quant_config,
+            act_dtype=torch.uint16,
+            weight_dtype=torch.int4,
+        ),
+    ),
     (QuantDtype.use_8a8w, True): (
         get_8a8w_qnn_qat_config,
         partial(get_qat_per_channel_quant_config),

backends/qualcomm/tests/test_qnn_delegate.py

@@ -2054,6 +2054,25 @@ def test_qnn_backend_16a4w_conv2d_qat(self):
                 )
                 self.lower_module_and_test_output(converted, sample_input)
 
+    def test_qnn_backend_16a4w_block_conv2d_qat(self):
+        modules = [
+            Conv2dSingle(in_channel=64, out_channel=64),
+            Conv2dSingle(bias=False),
+        ]  # noqa: F405
+        sample_input = (torch.randn([64, 64, 3, 3]),)
+        for i, module in enumerate(modules):
+            with self.subTest(i=i):
+                prepared = self.get_prepared_qat_module(
+                    module,
+                    sample_input,
+                    quant_dtype=QuantDtype.use_16a4w_block,
+                    block_size_map={"conv2d": (1, 32, 1, 1)},
+                )
+                converted = self.get_converted_sgd_trained_module(
+                    module, prepared, sample_input
+                )
+                self.lower_module_and_test_output(converted, sample_input)
+
     def test_qnn_backend_16a4w_layer_norm(self):
         module = LayerNorm()  # noqa: F405
         sample_input = (torch.randn(196, 768),)