Add placeholder update_artifact method (refs #10955)

[ArmanShirzad]

• Add aupdate() and update() methods to Artifact class
• Methods raise NotImplementedError with reference to issue Update artifacts mid flow run #10955
• Scaffold for implementing artifact update functionality mid-flow run

Checklist

• This pull request references any related issue by including "closes <link to issue>"
  • If no issue exists and your change is not a small fix, please create an issue first.
• If this pull request adds new functionality, it includes unit tests that cover the changes
• If this pull request removes docs files, it includes redirect settings in mint.json.
• If this pull request adds functions or classes, it includes helpful docstrings.

[codspeed-hq]

CodSpeed Performance Report

Merging #19211 will not alter performance

_{Comparing ArmanShirzad:feature/update-artifact-10955 (dbeb87f) with main (aec7a2a)}

Summary

✅ 2 untouched